01M Transmission discription: Information topic.

[NewBeetleMechanic]

On Board Diagnostic (OBD), function
The automatic transmission is controlled electro-hydraulically. On Board Diagnostic (OBD) refers specifically to the electronic/electric controls of the automatic transmission.

Transmission Control Module (TCM) -J217- with adaptive gear shift points (fuzzy logic)
The transmission control module determines the driving dependent gear shift points automatically.

Advantages:


•Gear shifts will be directed toward optimum fuel consumption
•Maximum engine output is always available
•Individual adaptation of gear shift points in all driving situations
•Gear shifts points are infinitely variable
Shift point variations for hills
An additional gear shift map automatically selects shifts for hills dependent upon accelerator pedal position and driving speed.


•Gear shift map for extreme uphill stretches is matched to engine output
•Gear shift map for extreme downhill stretches is matched to the braking effect of the engine
Safety functions of the Transmission Control Module (TCM) -J217-
The TCM -J217- receives information from components that effect the selection of gears and passes the information on to solenoid valves in the valve body.

The control module is equipped with a Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) memory so that in the event of an electronic/electrical component malfunction or an open circuit the location can be determined quickly. Malfunctions are recognized by electrical signals and stored in the DTC memory.

If malfunctions occur in the monitored sensors or components, these are stored in the DTC memory together with an indication of the type of malfunction.

Malfunctions which only occur once are known as sporadic (temporary) malfunctions and are identified as such.

If malfunctions do not reoccur within a minimum of 5 km (3 miles) or 6 minutes or a maximum of 20 km (12 miles) or 24 minutes , they are stored as sporadic malfunctions.

Electrical malfunctions that affect vehicle performance can be determined with the VAG 1551 Scan Tool.

The diagnostic possibilities can only be fully exploited with operating mode 1, "Rapid data transfer of the VAG 1551 Scan Tool.

Emergency running mode
If critical malfunctions occur when driving, the transmission will continue to operate, but in an emergency running mode. If the malfunction occurs in "D","3" or "2" then 3rd gear emergency running mode is activated.

If the malfunction "1","P","N" or "R" then the emergency running mode for that stage is activated.

If the engine is started again in the emergency running mode and the malfunction occurs when the selector lever is in position "D", "3" or "2" then 3rd gear is activated hydraulically until the malfunction is corrected.

For all malfunctions which can lead to the emergency running mode, the transmission will remain in this mode until the malfunction is no longer recognized by the control module over a predetermined period.

Malfunctions which may lead to emergency running:


•Open circuit in wiring
•Short circuit in wiring
•Wiring open circuit and/or CAN-Bus wiring short circuit.
•Electrical or hydraulic components faulty
TCM -J217- malfunction recognition
If a malfunction exists it is stored as a static malfunction. If the malfunction no longer exists after a predetermined period or distance travelled, it is considered a sporadic malfunction.

Sporadic malfunctions are stored in the memory and displayed as "sporadic" when retrieved by the VAG 1551 Scan Tool. "SP" appears on the right of the display in such cases. If the printer is switched ON , "sporadic malfunctions" are printed out after the DTC memory is addressed.

Malfunctions which are stored in the memory as sporadically occurring malfunctions are automatically erased after 1,000 km (625 miles) or 20 hours .

The information exchange between vehicle control modules is conducted by "CAN-Bus" The advantages of the "CAN-Bus" are a very rapid data transfer and less wiring in the vehicle.

Faulty CAN-Bus wiring, e.g. open circuits, can be directly detected as such by the control module. The exact location of the malfunction cannot be determined, however, until all control module DTC memories have been checked.

VAG 1551 Scan Tool
From July 1997 a further number on the right next to the DTC code will be displayed/printed-out when checking the DTC memory (with upto-date program card version of VAG 1551). This number indicates the type of malfunction, which is also given again in text under the affected component on the VAG 1551 display.

Memory


- Permanent memory yes

Data output


- Rapid data transfer yes

Data transfer between the control
modules via:


- CAN-Bus yes
Output Diagnostic Test Mode (DTM) no
Basic setting yes
Coding control module no
Reading measured value block yes

[NewBeetleMechanic]

1 Transmission Control Module -J217-
2 Engine Control Module

Note:
If engine or transmission control modules are replaced, the system must be returned to basic setting.



3 Data Link Connector (DLC)
4 Valve body

•The solenoid valves -N88-, -N89-, -N90-, -N91-, -N92-, -N93- and N94- are attached to the valve body
•The valves are checked by On Board Diagnostic (OBD)
5 Conductor strip with integrated Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor -G93-

•-G93- is checked by On Board Diagnostic (OBD)
6 Multi-Function Transmission Range(TR) Switch -F125-

•-F125- is checked by On Board Diagnostic (OBD)
7 Transmission Vehicle Speed (VSS) Sensor -G38-

•-G38- is checked by On Board Diagnostic (OBD)
8 -Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) -G68-

•-G68- is checked by On Board Diagnostic (OBD)
9 -Throttle Position (TP) Sensor -G69-

•Signal of -G69- is checked by On Board Diagnostic (OBD)
10 Shift Lock Solenoid -N110-.

•The solenoid is checked by On Board Diagnostic (OBD)
•Can be checked electrically and via reading measured value block
11 Transmission Range (TR) Selector Lever Display -Y5-
12 Cruise Control Switch -E45-

•Can be checked via reading measured value block
13 Kick Down Switch -F8-

•Can be checked electrically and via reading measured value block
14 Brake Light Switch -F-

•Can be checked electrically and via reading measured value block.
15 Park/Neutral Position (PNP) Relay -J226-

[NewBeetleMechanic]

The following section refers only to the automatic transmission 01M and to related terms that may be found in the 01M On Board Diagnostic (OBD) section. These definitions are not necessarily generally valid.

ABS
Anti-lock brake system.

Display group number See Read measured value block

Throttle valve control module
An engine component to stabilize the idling speed. The "Throttle valve signal" originates here.

On Board Diagnostic (OBD)
The capability of a control module to recognize, react to and store malfunctions of various components and systems.

Conducting On Board Diagnostic (OBD)
Connecting a scan tool and checking the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) memory. The malfunctions registered and stored by a control module are read by using the scan tool.

Injection quantity influence
The engine torque is reduced during the gear shift process by changing the quantity of injected fuel.

Electrical test
By performing certain measurements a targeted check of the electronic components is accomplished.

Fuzzy-Logic
Type of monitoring for the actual driving situation. This software in the control module replaces the previous program switch

CAN-Bus
Method of data transport. Electrical signals are carried in a certain format (BUS).

CAN-Bus low (high)
The voltage used to transport the data is low (high).

Transmission Vehicle Speed Sensor -G38-
The sensor records the speed of the large sun wheel in the planetary gearset and transmits it to the transmission control module.

Vehicle Speed Sensor -G68-
The sensor records the speed of the output gear and transmits it to the transmission control module (not to the speedometer)

Initiating basic setting
The values learned in the control module are returned to the initial values.

"No communication"
There is no connection for exchanging information between the control modules.

Short to Ground
Current flows (incorrectly) to Ground without supplying a consumer.

Short to positive
Current flows (incorrectly) to a live component without supplying a consumer.

Read measured value block
The control module can transfer a considerable amount of test data. This test data contains information on the operational condition of the system and sensors connected to it. The transferred test data can support diagnosis and malfunction correction. The test data has been summarized into single display groups due to the amount of information available for evaluation.

Emergency running
A condition of the control module. When certain malfunctions are recognized it protects the transmission against damage, which guarantees the vehicle may be safely driven further. During emergency running mode the driving characteristics of the transmission are impaired only as much as is necessary.

Pendulum support
Designation for the type of assembly (engine/transmission) mounting.

Sporadic
Happens occasionally

TDC signal
This signal is used to calculate the engine speed.

Infinity Ohms
The resistance is high, an open circuit is indicated.

Ignition timing influence
The engine torque is reduced during the gear shift process by changing the ignition timing.

[bugsy98nb]

Thanks for the info on this, But ... what exactly causes them to basicly fail. some last between 100-150K then die. any idea what Fault may be in this transmission ? I had the 6sp tiptronic which i know is totally different from the o1m 4 sp.

Thanks

[NewBeetleMechanic]

Originally Posted by bugsy98nb

Thanks for the info on this, But ... what exactly causes them to basicly fail. some last between 100-150K then die. any idea what Fault may be in this transmission ? I had the 6sp tiptronic which i know is totally different from the o1m 4 sp.

Thanks

There is no basic cause, if you had a code, we might be able to jump off there.

[cep]

Originally Posted by NewBeetleMechanic

There is no basic cause, if you had a code, we might be able to jump off there.

I think what he meant was that the 01M has a reputation for failing. Can you shed any light on that?

[bugsy98nb]

Originally Posted by cep

I think what he meant was that the 01M has a reputation for failing. Can you shed any light on that?

thanks

[NewBeetleMechanic]

Well when Japan took over the build for the 01M/096 4 speed production, the transmission went to hell. First of all, production went to a forign country that had no concern for German quality. The next thing that happened was, the Japanese have a problem understanding that a electrical componant that gets variant volts/amps/ohm kills the electrical part. So you had Japan Trans electrical parts mixed with German (extreme engineered) wiring. Yes a solenoid might say made in Germany, but hell with a etching stick I could make it say "NBM has a big one", the solenoids where made in Japan.

Other problems include the internal wiring strip that controlled them. Here you have a computer strip inside and covered in transmission fluid. I would love to meet the German that thought that was a good idea in the first place.

^^^good news is that if you make your own harness for the inside of the trans, it will work FOREVER.

The other assorted sensors and switchs that are continually covered in transmission fluid fail, the fluid eats away at the sensors plastics on a microscopic level. (causes the sensor to fail eventually)

Bands and sprags inside (friction disks) are pretty good, problem is a sensor causes a "slip" and burns them up.

The "rear end" gears are pretty good, but in stock form will only support a max of 300-325 hp? Kinda fun to take a car and hit it for a weekend drag with a 200 shot of nitro. <-dont ask, cause I aint telling.

So basically when yours goes into limp mode, STOP DRIVING IT!

Your trans may be saved.




Kinda a side note: If you have a 2.0 or any 01M, and have to buy a new starter, buy one for a 1994 VW something 2.0L and automatic. Much better design (for the same price)


I guess we get a double side note today: You can build a 01M that will take 600 hp, but I would buy a trans blanket, and use it!






We have not even got to the tiptronic, yeah. The manuals are easy. My dog could probably fix a manual.


His name is Scirocco, btw. Hes a problem child too.